Researchers at the University of Würzburg, Germany, analyzed the results of 93 participants between the ages of 12 and 42. They mainly looked into:
The influence of motivation on choices, adaptive decision-making in response to environmental changes, and goal-directed behavior.
Higher levels of decision noise were observed in younger participants due to limited cognitive resources. This phenomenon causes teens to be guided more by emotions and social influences than by logical calculations.
Brain development influences decision-making processes
The quality of decisions teenagers make changes as their brains mature, particularly in the prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for cognitive control, planning, and flexibility of thought.
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At a young age, teenagers are more susceptible to emotional and social influences due to limited cognitive resources. With aging and brain development, a so-called decline occurs. Decision noise, or the tendency to make suboptimal choices. This allows them to develop more sophisticated decision-making strategies and make more considered choices as adults.
Importance of research results
Research has shown that the level of decision noise decreases with age and is a common factor influencing various aspects of learning and adaptive decision making. Noise reduction promotes the development of higher cognitive functions such as planning and purposeful action.
The authors of this study point out that the development of these abilities is highly dependent on the limitations of cognitive resources during adolescence. Teenagers often use less demanding decision-making strategies, making them more susceptible to internal and external influences.
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An analysis conducted by scientists at the University of Würzburg has shed new light on the analytical processes underlying age-related changes in decision-making. In the future, detailed and expanded studies may elucidate the role of decision noise in neurodevelopmental disorders.
The results may be used to better understand neuropsychiatric disorders such as ADHD and to design educational programs that support the development of decision-making skills in adolescents.
Experts emphasize that irrational decisions made during adolescence are a natural stage of cognitive maturation. This stage can be supported by teaching young people how to manage their mental resources effectively.
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