For many years, the cells in the body have been infiltrating a state of aging called the “zombieline state.” They live on, but lose their ability to divide, and accumulation leads to health problems. Young and healthy bodies can remove these cells, but this mechanism is less effective with age.
Cell aging and effects on aging
The accumulated senescent cells secrete inflammatory molecules, contributing to chronic inflammation known as “inflammation.” According to Dr. Peter Adams, professor and director of cancer and epigenetics at Sanford Burnham Prebys, an important factor associated with this process is the activation of the phenotype of inflammatory secretion (SASP). That excess promotes the development of age-related diseases such as atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, or neurodegenerative diseases.
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A study published in Nature Communications on March 5, 2025 shows that it plays an important role in regulating mitochondria-aging, responsible for cellular energy production.
Scientists have discovered that a p53 protein called the “genomic guardian” can suppress SASP and reduce inflammation associated with aging. This mechanism involves inhibiting the formation of cytoplasmic fragments of chromatin (CCF), namely, the formation of damaged DNA fragments thrown into the cytoplasm from the cell nucleus. Their presence stimulates the immune system, strengthens inflammation and accelerates aging.
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To verify their findings, a team of researchers, including Dr. Carl Miller from the Adams Institute, conducted experiments on mice. Animals were administered a p53 activator, originally developed as an anti-cancer agent.
Interestingly, although the number of senescent cells was not reduced, an inversion of the properties of the senescent SASP molecular signature was observed. This means that the adverse effects of aging can be limited by regulating inflammation rather than directly removing old cells.
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These studies provide evidence for the existence of mechanisms that can control the aging process by regulating DNA repair and inflammatory responses. Dr. Miller explained: “We have identified cellular circuits that support DNA repair and genome integrity while suppressing the harmful inflammatory processes associated with aging.”
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Furthermore, researchers have shown that laboratory cells and mouse organisms already have substances that can regulate p53. This paves the way for future treatments that eliminate the negative effects of aging, such as chronic inflammation and degenerative diseases.
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